分子印迹固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定饲料中莱克多巴胺

以莱克多巴胺为模板分子,丙烯酰胺为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,合成了对莱克多巴胺具有高选择性的分子印迹聚合物。考察了甲醇、乙腈、丙酮和氯仿-甲醇与三乙胺构成致孔剂合成的聚合物性能及其形貌特征。通过正交试验优化的聚合反应配方为: 1.0 mmol莱克多巴胺,4.0 mmol丙烯酰胺,20.0 mmol乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯,6.0 mL乙腈-三乙胺(30:1, v/v), 50.0 mg偶氮二异丁腈。建立的基于分子印迹固相萃取-高效液相色谱测定饲料试样中莱克多巴胺的方法,在0.50～100 mg/L质量浓度范围内有良好的线性关系(r=0.9994);饲料试样中1.0、10及100 mg/kg 3个添加水平的莱克多巴胺平均回收率大于80%;批内、批间测定的相对标准偏差小于10%;检出限(信噪比为3)达到0.1 mg/kg。该方法灵敏、可靠,用于饲料等复杂基质中莱克多巴胺检测的效果优于相关标准分析方法。     

饲料中D-泛酸钙的超临界流体色谱测定

采用超临界流体色谱(SFC)测定了饲料中D-泛酸钙的含量.在二氧化碳流动相中添加14.85%甲醇改性剂及0.15%三氟乙酸添加剂,流速2 mL/min,在Kromasil ODS柱上分离,检测波长为210 nm.结果表明D-泛酸钙能在3 min内完成分离,在1.0 ～25.0 mg/L范围内,样品的质量浓度与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 5).方法的精密度良好,相对标准偏差在2.3%以内,回收率为89% ～98%.方法操作简单,结果准确,适合普及应用.     

Frequency-invariant robust adaptive beamforming based on interference covariance matrix reconstruction

Consider the problems of frequency-invariant beampattern optimization and robustness in broadband beamforming.Firstly,a global optimization algorithm,which is based on phase compensation of the array manifolds,is used to construct the frequency-invariant beampattern.Compared with some methods presented recently,the proposed algorithm is not only available to get the global optimal solution,but also simple for physical realization.Meanwhile,a robust adaptive broadband beamforming algorithm is also derived by reconstructing the covariance matrix.The essence of the proposed algorithm is to estimate the space-frequency spectrum using Capon estimator firstly,then integrate over a region separated from the desired signal direction to reconstruct the interference-plus-noise covariance matrix,and finally caleulate the adaptive beamformer weights with the reconstructed matrix.The design of beamformer is formulated as a convex optimization problem to be solved.Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is almost always close to the optimal value across a wide range of signal to noise ratios.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定饲料中11种霉菌毒素

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测饲料中11种霉菌毒素的分析方法。样品经乙腈提取,MycoSep 228多功能净化柱填料和PRIME HLB固相萃取柱净化;采用Agilent Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱(150 mm×2.1 mm,3.5μm)分离,以甲醇和5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(含0.1%(v/v)甲酸)为流动相梯度洗脱;采用ESI源正、负离子同时扫描,多反应监测(MRM)模式测定,内标法定量。结果表明,11种目标物在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99,定量限为2.0~50.0μg/kg。11种霉菌毒素在3个加标水平(1、2、5倍定量限)下的平均回收率为79.3%~101.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为5.9%~13.2%(n=5)。该法简单快速,净化效果好,灵敏度高,适用于饲料中11种霉菌毒素的分析。     

New sulfonate composite functionalized with multiwalled carbon nanotubes with cryogel solid‐phase extraction sorbent for the determination of β‐agonists in animal feeds

A new mixed‐mode cation‐exchange sulfonate composite functionalized with multiwalled carbon nanotubes with polyvinyl alcohol cryogel was fabricated and used for the first time as a solid‐phase extraction sorbent for the determination of β‐agonists in animal feeds. Feed samples were extracted with 0.20 M phosphoric acid and methanol (1:4, v/v) using ultrasonication, cleaned‐up using the developed sorbent to which the β‐agonists bound then finally eluted with 5.0% ammonia in methanol and analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Various parameters that affected the extraction efficiency were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the developed sorbent strongly interacted with β‐agonists by cationic exchange and hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions, that provided a high extraction efficiency in the range of 92.8 ± 3.7–104.4 ± 2.3% over a range of 0.04–2.0 mg/kg for salbutamol and ractopamine, and 0.40–8.0 mg/kg for clenbuterol. The relative standard deviations were less than 6.0%. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of β‐agonists in various types of animal feed and effectively reduced any matrix interference.     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定不同畜禽配合饲料中伏马毒素的含量

为摸清复杂基质中FB1和FB2污染的准确水平,本研究建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法( LC-MS/MS)测定不同畜禽配合饲料中伏马毒素B1(FB1)和B2(FB2)的分析方法。样品用乙腈-水(50：50, V/V)提取, MAX强阴离子固相萃取柱富集净化后,以0.1%甲酸和甲醇为流动相,经 Thermo C18色谱柱(100 mm ×2.1 mm,5μm)分离,采用电喷雾正电离(ESI+)多反应模式(MRM)监测,外标法定量。结果表明：不同饲料样品中FB1和FB2在1~500μg/kg之间线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)均大于0.9990,定量限分别为0.098和0.197μg/kg,检出限分别为0.328和0.656μg/kg;低、中、高浓度加标回收率为89.7%~95.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.2%~8.6%。用本方法对市场上采集的106份不同畜禽配合饲料中FB1和FB2含量进行测定,样品检出率为98.11%。本方法适用于基质复杂的畜禽配合饲料中伏马毒素FB1和FB2的准确、快速定性与定量分析。     

一维参数化正交小波滤波器的解析性质与优化逼近

本文给出了一维参数化正交小波滤波器系数向量的解析表达式和它的递推计算公式,还给出了它的一阶变分及二阶变分公式．利用这些结果和最优化方法,给出了FIR正交小波滤波器的逼近和设计问题的优化模型和数值例子．     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱测定饲料中新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮和柚皮苷二氢查耳酮

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱检测饲料中新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮（NHDC）和柚皮苷二氢查耳酮（Naringin DC）的方法。采用纯甲醇溶液进行超声辅助萃取样品，经HLB固相萃取柱净化后在XB-C₁₈（150 mm×4.6 mm，5 μm）色谱柱上分离，用甲醇/水作为流动相进行梯度洗脱，光电二极管阵列检测器进行检测。结果表明，新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮和柚皮苷二氢查耳酮在0.2~49.0 mg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系，相关系数均>0.999，定量限分别为0.02和0.01 mg/kg。日内和日间精密度分别为0.7%~4.1%和0.9%~6.0%。方法的加标回收率为86.2%~105.0%，相对标准偏差（RSDs）为1.0%~6.3%（n=3）。该方法能有效降低饲料基体成分的干扰，灵敏度高，重现性好，适用于饲料中新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮和柚皮苷二氢查耳酮的定量检测。